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To have ones needs gratified by the sympathetic aid of an allied object. b) Feelings of inequity are determined solely by the individual's interpretation of the situation. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards c) an individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives He refers to these factors as satisfiers to reflect their ability to provide satisfying experiences. c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Rays sold $3,745,060 of merchandise, of which 50% was on credit. The general strategy for the practical application of situational theories includes all of the following except? These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. LEVEL 2 Wine Online with Tasting Kit Course runs April 3 - May 8, 2023 Live Webinars: Mondays 4/10, 4/17, 4/24 and 5/08 from 3pm-4:30pm ET. Maslow believed that most people become fixated at this level. A common thread through all of them is that people have a variety of needs. a. Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on all of the following EXECPT: Theories of Motivation - Expert Program Management They like situations where the probability of success is moderate. Clearly one of the most influential motivation theories throughout the 1950s and 1960s was Frederick Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory.14 This theory is a further refinement of Maslows theory. The theories then discuss motivation in terms of filling these needs. Maslows theory differs from others that preceded it because of this hierarchical, prepotency concept. e) It holds that people who feel underpaid will reduce their work efforts to compensate for missing rewards. a) Self-actualization To praise, honor, or eulogize. Herzberg argued that there are two sets of needs, instead of the five sets theorized by Maslow. e) The absence of motivator factors causes job dissatisfaction. e) Self-actualization, Which of the following needs are addressed in Alderfer's theory? b. Freud studies mainly "sick" people. e. Carl Jung. Those five human needs, in the order of prepotency in which they direct human behavior, are: Exhibit 14.5 A protester at an anti-war demonstration in Seattle held up this sign. a. losing one's family b. shame c. arrest d. losing a job, All of the . But he also believes that each need can be taught, especially nAch. Individual therapy meets the standard of best practices when it includes all of the following EXCEPT. d) Social According to Roy's Adaptation Model, the adaptive modes includes all the following, EXCEPT: A. Physiologic Needs B. Self Concept C. Role Function D. Interdependence E. Achievement Answer Key 4. a) power. d. goal-setting theory. b) goal-oriented punishments. All of the following are examples of stage theories in development except _____. b) instrumentalities e) Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Lucretias need to dominate may not be motivating her current behavior because she is with friends instead of coworkers. To avoid humiliation. a) work itself. Question 13 0 1 pts content theories tend to none of - Course Hero The second component, frustration, occurs when we attempt but fail to satisfy a particular need. When motivator needs are met, however, employees feel satisfied and are motivated to perform well. Why or why not? In the context of motivation, level refers to __________. a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. ______________ is classified as a content theory. 30. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Although the New Yorkbased company is still growing, as of October 2017 Bombas had donated more than four million pairs of socks (Bombas 2017). Thus, an employee can be dissatisfied with low pay. Question 16:- All of the following are content theories except: a) operant conditioning b) SDT theory c) ERG theory d) Motivator/Hygiene theory . e.) growth, The ERG theory contends that __________. e) Physiological, social, safety, self-actualization, and esteem, d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, 63. b a) Motivator factors are related to job content. c) Its essence is that perceived inequity is a motivating state. More specifically, Herzberg believes these motivators lead to high performance (achievement), and the high performance itself leads to satisfaction. Content theories explain work motivation in terms of what arouses, energizes, or initiates employee behavior. d) specific goals lead to lower performance Determine the amount of cash collections for the period. 1 . Because of Herzbergs work, organizations today realize the potential of motivators. a) Abraham Maslow a) the length of time a person sticks with a given action d) Higher-order Chapter 4 Theories of Motivation 4.1 Multiple-Choice Questions then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, Maslow was a psychologist who, based on his early research with primates (monkeys), observations of patients, and discussions with employees in organizations, theorized that human needs are arranged hierarchically. individual. On StuDocu you will find over 6300 lecture notes, summaries and assignments from LU, to help you pass your exams. According to the two-factor theory of motivation, all of the following are sources of job satisfaction EXCEPT: Content theories tend to: emphasize the direction component of motivation All of the following are process theories of motivation EXCEPT: SDT The term operant conditioning is used to indicate that the learning process is based on the results produced by a person operating on the: environment Joanna likes attention and is driven by seeking influence over others. a) The multiplier effect is still in question. Rays beginning and ending accounts receivables balances are $147,990 and$142,720, respectively. d) the different needs that an individual is trying to satisfy e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. To vindicate the ego. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: a. behavioral. All of the following statements describe hygiene factors in the two-factor theory EXCEPT: social, esteem, and self-actualization. 53. Final - Question 1 All of the following are criticisms of Freuds theory a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. e) expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero, d) expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are all high, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by clarifying performance-reward relationships and confirming these relationships when rewards are actually given for performance accomplishments. Which of the following comparisons of Alderfer's ERG theory and Maslow's needs hierarchy is correct? According to Suppes, all of the following are functions of theory except a. organizing specific data. For example, our need for water takes precedence over our need for social interaction (this is also called prepotency). b) 25 4. 36. c) affiliation behavioral. According to the two-factor theory of motivation, all of the following are sources of job dissatisfaction EXCEPT: They do it because it is intrinsically motivating; the hobby satisfies needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. e) It is not commonly used outside of the United States. a) existence factors b) Equity Chapter 5 Flashcards | Quizlet You may have noticed that content theories are somewhat quiet about what determines the intensity of motivation. That is, SDT posits that extrinsic rewards not only do not provide intrinsic motivation, they diminish it. a) Reinforcement abeka curriculum controversy. They include such needs as the need for achievement, for love, and for affiliation (see Table 14.1).4. This need is oriented toward fulfilling responsibilities to the employer, not to the self. true. All of the following are content theories EXCEPT: a. operant conditioning b. SDT theory c. ERG theory d. Motivator/Hygiene theory e. Maslow's theory Jan 21 2022 | 05:07 AM | Solved Glenna Pfannerstill Verified Expert 7 Votes 1013 Answers b) The theory has been scientifically verified with methods other than the original. c) affiliation How? Because meeting these needs provides satisfaction, they motivate workers. a.) In response, the two entrepreneurs launched a line of socks that not only reinvents the sock (they claim), but also helps those in need. d. Ken Wilbur. relation to the euro, what is the Which of the following statements is true with regards to the research on Maslow's needs hierarchy? Jobs that are best performed alone are more appropriate for low-nAff employees, who are less likely to be frustrated. a) People with a high need for achievement prefer individual responsibilities, challenging goals, and performance feedback. d) power d) Clayton Alderfer To better understand the nAch motive, its helpful to describe high-nAch people. To avoid pain, physical injury, illness, and death. Which theory is based on the phenomenon of social comparison which states that people will act to eliminate any perceived inequity in the rewards they receive for their work in comparison with the rewards that others receive? But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo http://www.businessinsider.com/bombas-athletic-sock-review-2017-1. McClelland describes three major characteristics of high-nAch people: Why is nAch important to organizational behavior? d.) Goal setting c) Relatedness c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards A kind of mirroring of clients' statements. Self-determination theory (SDT) seeks to explain not only what causes motivation, but also how extrinsic rewards affect intrinsic motivation.17 In SDT, extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain some valued outcome, while intrinsic motivation refers to performing an activity for the inherent satisfaction of the activity itself. We say these people have a high achievement motive. All of the following are assumptions of Theory Y except: a) people token economy i. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which theory can be traced to the father of the classical school of criminology? Of the three needs studied by McClelland, nAch has the greatest impact. To conceal or justify a misdeed, failure, or humiliation. On the other hand, there is some evidence that people satisfy the lower-order needs before they attempt to satisfy higher-order needs. Kohlberg's theory of moral development Piaget's stages of cognitive development Erikson's stages of psychosocial development Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development Instead, create even more opportunities for employees to satisfy their needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Once satisfied, challenging jobs, additional responsibilities, and prestigious job titles can help employees satisfy higher-order esteem needs. We strive to make the need disappear. d) goals that are easily stated in objective terms. Clayton Alderfer observed that very few attempts had been made to test Maslows full theory. Because when he digs a hole, he gets results. Introduction to the Most Important Theories of Teaching - ThoughtCo b. through empirical analysis. e) inducements. c. contingency. c) Expectancy b) Alderfer's ERG theory. SDT theory has interesting implications for the management of organizational behavior. According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are sources of job satisfaction and motivator factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. e) Motivation = expectancy + rewards + valence, a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence, Organizational Theory CHAPTER 5-8 Quiz 2 Set, Ch.14 Leader Traits and Behavioral Styles, Nonprofit Managment - Chapter 17 Internationa, Nonprofit Chapter 16 - Social Entrepreneurshi, Nonprofit Chapter 15 - Government Grants and, Nonprofit Management Chapter 14 - Earned Inco, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Arlene Lacombe, Kathryn Dumper, Rose Spielman, William Jenkins, Combo with Phonology and Acqusition and 1 oth. c) Expectancy Genetic Theory of Aging. d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. c) Two-factor theory a) goal-oriented rewards. According to CB Bhattacharya, the Pietro Ferrero Chair in Sustainability at ESMT European School of Management and Technology in Berlin, Germany, employment engagement, or how positive employees feel about their current job, was at an all-time low globally in 2016: 13 percent. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like All of the following are reasons to examine criminological theories of crime EXCEPT ______., A criminal justice professional who does not understand criminal justice research is comparable to a ______., Criminological theories are all of the following EXCEPT ______. c) top-down goals. d) all three needs may not be activated at the same time d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. Matching b. Verifiability c . Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. Good pay by itself will only make the employee neutral toward work; to attain satisfaction, employees need challenging job duties that result in a sense of achievement. This is in contrast to the thousands of needs that earlier researchers had identified, and also fewer than Murray identified in his theory. b) It fails to help explain any cross-cultural management situations. e) less than two needs must be activated at the same time, c) more than one need may be activated at the same time, Which of the following content theories of motivation is associated with the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power? When extrinsic rewards are present, people do not feel like what they do builds competence, is self-determined, or enhances relationships with others. According to Maslow, lower-order needs are: A disaster may be caused by nature or have human origins c. A disaster always receives widespread media coverage. But managers use theory every day. a) Acquired needs theory b) Equity Intense forms of dissatisfaction distract employees from important work-related activities and tend to be demotivating.16 Thus, managers should make sure that such basic needs as adequate pay, safe and clean working conditions, and opportunities for social interaction are met. a) Safety To escape from a dangerous situation. Solved Content perspectives, also known as need-based | Chegg.com One wonders if athletes like Tim Tebow are self-actualizing when they participate in multiple sporting endeavors at the professional level. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? So, high-nAff employees will be especially motivated to perform well if others depend on them. c) more than one need may be activated at the same time Question 1 All of the following are criticisms of Freud's theory EXCEPT: Answers: Selected Answer: c. He relied on correlational methods. If the dollar decreases in value in c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. 51. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: contingency. The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.. The theory posits that to maximize employee motivation, employers must try to guide workers to the upper parts of the hierarchy. a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs c) reinforcers Which equation correctly reflects Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation? d) esteem. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? d) affiliation. Creative Commons Attribution License Why is this? are licensed under a, Major Characteristics of the Manager's Job, How the Brain Processes Information to Make Decisions: Reflective and Reactive Systems, Administrative and Bureaucratic Management, External and Internal Organizational Environments and Corporate Culture, The Internal Organization and External Environments, Organizing for Change in the 21st Century, Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability, Dimensions of Ethics: The Individual Level, Ethical Principles and Responsible Decision-Making, Leadership: Ethics at the Organizational Level, Ethics, Corporate Culture, and Compliance, Emerging Trends in Ethics, CSR, and Compliance, Cultural Stereotyping and Social Institutions, Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs, Trends in Entrepreneurship and Small-Business Ownership, Strategic Analysis: Understanding a Firms Competitive Environment, Gaining Advantages by Understanding the Competitive Environment, A Firm's External Macro Environment: PESTEL, A Firm's Micro Environment: Porter's Five Forces, Competition, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage, The Strategic Management Process: Achieving and Sustaining Competitive Advantage, The Role of Strategic Analysis in Formulating a Strategy, Strategic Objectives and Levels of Strategy, Planning Firm Actions to Implement Strategies, Measuring and Evaluating Strategic Performance, An Introduction to Human Resource Management, Influencing Employee Performance and Motivation, Talent Development and Succession Planning, Benefits and Challenges of Workplace Diversity, Situational (Contingency) Approaches to Leadership, Substitutes for and Neutralizers of Leadership, Transformational, Visionary, and Charismatic Leadership, Opportunities and Challenges to Team Building, Factors Affecting Communications and the Roles of Managers, Managerial Communication and Corporate Reputation, The Major Channels of Management Communication Are Talking, Listening, Reading, and Writing, Formal Organizational Planning in Practice, Management by Objectives: A Planning and Control Technique, The Control- and Involvement-Oriented Approaches to Planning and Controlling, MTIIts Importance Now and In the Future, External Sources of Technology and Innovation, Internal Sources of Technology and Innovation, Management Entrepreneurship Skills for Technology and Innovation, Managing Now for Future Technology and Innovation, The New York City Metropolitan Transit Authority undertook a new approach to how they perform critical inspection and maintenance of subway components that are necessary to providing reliable service.